The DPP Playbook

As the world moves towards a more sustainable and transparent economy, Digital Product Passports (DPPs) are gaining attention as a transformative solution in supply chain management and consumer transparency. A DPP provides essential digital documentation of a product’s lifecycle, from its raw material origins to its end-of-life disposal or recycling. By integrating sustainability, traceability, and digital innovation, Digital Product Passports not only facilitate compliance with new regulations but also empower consumers with deeper insights into the products they buy. 

What is a Digital Product Passport (DPP)? 

A Digital Product Passport (DPP) is a digital profile or set of information about a product that tracks its journey from production to disposal. It encompasses data on the product’s origin, the materials and processes used in its creation, the environmental impact it has, and even information on how consumers can recycle or responsibly dispose of it. Accessible via QR codes, RFID tags, or other digital tools, DPPs allow consumers, businesses, and regulators to access key data about a product simply and effectively. 

For instance, in the fashion industry, a DPP for a garment might contain data on the origins of the fabric, the chemicals used in its dyeing process, the carbon footprint of its production, and instructions on how the garment can be recycled or repurposed. In electronics, a DPP might document the sources of critical minerals, the energy efficiency of the device, repair options, and safe disposal methods. This data-rich approach is transforming the way products are viewed, managed, and valued throughout their lifecycle. 

How Do Digital Product Passports Work? 

Digital Product Passports work by connecting a product’s physical presence with digital data that is stored and updated throughout its lifecycle. Here’s a breakdown of how DPPs function in practice: 

1. Data Collection and Integration: At the manufacturing stage, data related to materials, energy usage, and emissions is collected and stored in the DPP. This data can include everything from the origins of the raw materials to the emissions produced in transport and manufacturing. 

1. Supply Chain Tracking: As the product moves through the supply chain, the DPP is continuously updated with information such as locations, handling, and conditions. This ensures transparency at every stage of the journey and helps identify inefficiencies or areas for improvement. 

1. Product Lifecycle Information: Once the product reaches the consumer, the DPP provides valuable information on its usage, maintenance, and potential upgrades. For products like electronics, DPPs might detail repair instructions and spare parts availability to help extend the product’s life. 

1. End-of-Life Management: At the end of its lifecycle, the DPP serves as a guide for proper disposal, recycling, or even refurbishment, supporting more sustainable customer behaviour and reducing waste. 

Digital Product Passports and the Future of Sustainable Behaviour 

One of the most promising aspects of Digital Product Passports is their potential to support a more sustainable consumer behaviour, where products are designed to be reused, repaired, or recycled, rather than discarded. The wealth of data contained in a DPP enables a more sustainable lifecycle by promoting responsible consumption and minimizing waste. For example, DPPs could allow manufacturers to take back products for refurbishment, create more durable goods, or incentivize recycling by tracking the product’s lifespan and condition. 

With the European Union’s upcoming Circular Economy Action Plan, which will likely mandate DPPs for specific product categories such as electronics and textiles, we may soon see widespread adoption of this technology. By creating a standardized system for product information and making it accessible across the supply chain, DPPs will not only improve transparency but also transform industry standards and consumer expectations. 

Digital Product Passports represent a significant leap forward in sustainable product management and consumer empowerment. By providing access to comprehensive, verifiable data, DPPs enhance transparency, support regulatory compliance, and encourage a shift towards more circular, eco-conscious consumption patterns. For businesses, DPPs offer operational efficiencies, brand differentiation, and alignment with future regulations, while consumers benefit from access to ethical and sustainability information that drives responsible purchasing. As industries adapt to increasing pressures for sustainability, DPPs are set to become essential tools in the journey toward a greener, more transparent economy. 

By integrating DPPs into their operations, companies provide consumers and stakeholders with a detailed view of a product’s lifecycle, enabling more informed purchasing and regulatory compliance. For businesses, DPPs are an opportunity to differentiate their brand by actively showcasing their commitment to sustainability, ethical sourcing, and responsible manufacturing. 

1. Enhanced Transparency: A Key Differentiator in Consumer Markets

Transparency is no longer optional in today’s market—it’s an expectation. Consumers increasingly demand to know where their products come from, what they’re made of, and the environmental impact of production. A Digital Product Passport gives customers direct access to this information, enabling them to make purchasing decisions aligned with their values. 

Brands that adopt DPPs position themselves as open and honest, fostering trust and loyalty among consumers who prioritize ethical and sustainable practices. By showcasing details on sourcing, labor practices, and environmental impact, companies can differentiate themselves from competitors that may be less transparent about their supply chains. This level of openness not only attracts eco-conscious consumers but also helps establish a brand’s reputation for integrity and responsibility. 

2. Meeting Regulatory Standards with Ease

Regulations around sustainability and product transparency are tightening worldwide, especially in the European Union. The upcoming EU Circular Economy Action Plan, for example, will likely mandate DPPs for various products, including electronics, textiles, and more. Adopting Digital Product Passports now can prepare businesses to comply with these new standards and avoid costly adjustments later. 

By proactively implementing DPPs, companies can stay ahead of regulatory requirements, ensuring that they are not only compliant but also recognized as industry leaders in sustainability. This compliance advantage can be a strong differentiator, especially as more regions move towards stricter standards. Companies that adopt DPPs early can position themselves as forward-thinking and prepared for the future, making them more attractive to eco-conscious investors and consumers. 

3. Boosting Brand Loyalty and Customer Trust

One of the most significant advantages of DPPs is their ability to build brand loyalty by increasing customer trust. In an environment where consumers are skeptical of “greenwashing” (false or misleading claims about sustainability), DPPs provide verifiable data that validates a company’s claims about sustainability and ethical sourcing. 

A Digital Product Passport can contain specific information about carbon emissions, material sources, manufacturing practices, and recyclability, providing consumers with a level of detail that generic “eco-friendly” labels cannot match. By giving customers access to this data, companies can reinforce their sustainability narrative with hard facts, fostering a deeper level of trust and loyalty. This transparency demonstrates a commitment to sustainable practices and accountability, which is highly valued by today’s consumers and can set a brand apart in a competitive market. 

4. Enabling Circular Economy Practices and Resource Efficiency

As industries move towards a circular economy model, DPPs are key enablers. By providing details on a product’s materials and structure, DPPs support recycling, reuse, and refurbishment, extending the product’s lifecycle and reducing waste. Companies that adopt DPPs can benefit from enhanced resource efficiency, which often translates to cost savings and environmental benefits. 

The circular economy is a powerful business strategy that not only appeals to consumers but also reduces long-term operational costs. By designing products with end-of-life recovery in mind and tracking this process through DPPs, businesses can tap into new revenue streams, such as recycling programs or product-as-a-service models. This approach also differentiates a brand as one that values long-term sustainability over short-term profits, resonating strongly with consumers and investors focused on environmental impact. 

5. Leveraging Data Insights for Strategic Advantage

Digital Product Passports are not just beneficial for customers; they also offer valuable insights to businesses. By tracking every stage of a product’s journey, companies can analyze data to identify inefficiencies, reduce waste, and optimize logistics. These insights support more sustainable business practices and can lead to lower production costs, better quality control, and improved product design. 

DPP data can help companies make strategic decisions based on real-time information, enhancing their agility in responding to market demands. For instance, if data indicates a preference for sustainably sourced materials, a company can shift production accordingly, meeting consumer demand while maintaining a competitive advantage. This data-driven approach to sustainability differentiates a brand by allowing it to adapt and improve continuously, staying relevant in a dynamic marketplace. 

6. Competitive Edge through Innovation and Brand Differentiation

In today’s marketplace, consumers are drawn to brands that innovate and push boundaries. By adopting Digital Product Passports, companies signal their commitment to pioneering new technologies and embracing sustainable practices. This proactive approach not only boosts a brand’s image but also positions it as an industry leader in transparency and accountability. 

Implementing DPPs sets a business apart as an innovator, attracting a loyal customer base and appealing to eco-conscious investors. As more consumers become educated about the benefits of Digital Product Passports, companies with DPPs will naturally gain an edge, winning market share over less transparent competitors. 

The Benefits of Digital Product Passports for Consumers 

1. Informed Purchasing Decisions: Consumers increasingly want to make ethical and environmentally friendly choices. DPPs allow shoppers to see detailed product information, from carbon footprint to the ethical sourcing of materials, enabling them to buy in alignment with their values. 

1. Easy Access to Product Care and Maintenance Information: DPPs can also contain repair instructions and warranty details, empowering consumers to extend the life of their products rather than replacing them prematurely. This is especially beneficial for high-value items such as electronics, where repairs can be costly. 

1. Guidance on Disposal and Recycling: At the end of a product’s life, DPPs provide instructions on recycling or disposal, reducing environmental impact and making it easier for consumers to participate in a circular economy. 

Challenges and Considerations 

Despite their potential, implementing DPPs in sustainable manufacturing comes with challenges. For many manufacturers, setting up the infrastructure needed to collect, store, and share data across the supply chain can be costly and complex. Additionally, data privacy and security must be carefully managed to ensure consumer and business information is protected. 

However, as technology advances, these challenges are likely to diminish. Blockchain, for instance, offers a secure and transparent way to track and store DPP data, while the growth of IoT and AI technologies can streamline data collection and analysis. By investing in these technologies, manufacturers can overcome the initial hurdles and unlock the full potential of DPPs in sustainable manufacturing. 

For companies that choose not to implement Digital Product Passports there are considerable risks. Failing to adopt DPPs could result in a loss of competitive advantage, missed regulatory deadlines, reputational damage, and reduced customer trust. 

Let’s explore the potential consequences of ignoring Digital Product Passports and why implementing them is essential for companies looking to succeed in the evolving landscape of sustainable business practices. 

1. Regulatory Non-Compliance and Financial Penalties

One of the most immediate risks of not adopting Digital Product Passports is the potential for regulatory non-compliance. Governments worldwide are implementing strict regulations around sustainability, transparency, and circular economy practices. The European Union, for example, has introduced a Circular Economy Action Plan, which is expected to make DPPs mandatory for certain industries, including electronics, textiles, and automotive. Non-compliance with these regulations can lead to financial penalties, restricted market access, and reputational damage. 

As sustainability regulations become stricter, failing to implement DPPs could mean falling behind competitors that are already compliant. Companies that ignore these requirements may face sudden, costly adjustments to meet regulatory standards, while those with DPPs in place can seamlessly adapt to evolving rules. By not adopting DPPs, businesses risk financial loss and damage to their reputation, as well as limited access to markets that prioritize or require sustainable practices. 

2. Loss of Competitive Advantage in a Sustainability-Focused Market

In today’s market, sustainability is more than a trend—it’s a consumer expectation. Digital Product Passports offer a way to provide the transparency that customers demand, allowing them to trace a product’s origins, environmental impact, and end-of-life options. Companies that implement DPPs can attract eco-conscious consumers, build brand loyalty, and gain a competitive advantage. 

Without DPPs, a company may struggle to stand out in a marketplace where sustainability is increasingly important. Competitors that adopt DPPs can position themselves as environmentally responsible, transparent, and forward-thinking, attracting a larger share of customers and investors. In contrast, businesses without DPPs may appear outdated or indifferent to sustainability, leading to a loss of market share. As consumers grow more aware of and interested in DPPs, companies without them could be seen as lacking transparency or commitment to sustainable practices, further eroding their competitive position. 

3. Reputational Damage and Reduced Customer Trust

Digital Product Passports serve as a verifiable source of information about a product’s lifecycle, which is increasingly important for today’s sceptical consumers. Many customers are wary of “greenwashing,” or false claims about sustainability, and expect brands to back up their environmental claims with concrete data. By implementing DPPs, companies can provide customers with transparent, reliable information that reinforces their commitment to sustainability. 

Without DPPs, a company may struggle to build trust among eco-conscious consumers who are sceptical of unsubstantiated sustainability claims. Brands without DPPs risk reputational damage if customers perceive them as non-transparent or dishonest about their environmental impact. Additionally, negative media coverage or consumer backlash over environmental concerns can further harm a company’s reputation. Digital Product Passports offer a means to build customer trust through transparency, and companies that neglect to adopt them risk losing credibility, customer loyalty, and brand value. 

4. Limited Access to Sustainable Supply Chains and Partnerships

As more companies prioritize sustainability, supply chains are evolving to emphasize traceability, ethical sourcing, and environmental responsibility. DPPs play a crucial role in these sustainable supply chains, enabling companies to verify the origins and environmental impact of raw materials. Many manufacturers, distributors, and retailers now expect their partners to demonstrate sustainable practices, and DPPs provide a standardized way to meet these expectations. 

Without DPPs, companies may find it challenging to establish relationships with sustainability-focused partners, missing out on collaboration opportunities and supply chain efficiencies. Additionally, as sustainable supply chains become the norm, companies without DPPs may struggle to find suppliers and partners willing to work with them, leading to increased costs, lower-quality materials, or delays. In the long term, a lack of DPPs can hinder a company’s ability to build a competitive, resilient supply chain. 

5. Missed Opportunities in the Circular Economy

The circular economy—an economic model focused on resource efficiency, reuse, and recycling—is gaining traction as a sustainable alternative to the traditional linear economy. Digital Product Passports are instrumental in facilitating circular economy practices by providing information on a product’s materials, recyclability, and end-of-life options. With this data, companies can more easily reclaim and repurpose materials, reducing waste and lowering production costs. 

Businesses that choose not to implement DPPs miss out on the benefits of the circular economy, including lower resource costs, reduced environmental impact, and potential new revenue streams from recycling or refurbishment programs. Without DPPs, it’s more challenging to track and recover materials, leading to greater waste and higher production expenses. As consumers and regulators increasingly favor circular economy practices, companies that don’t adopt DPPs risk falling behind competitors who are better equipped to meet these expectations. 

6. Inefficiency and Missed Data-Driven Insights

Digital Product Passports provide valuable data at every stage of a product’s lifecycle, offering insights that can improve efficiency, reduce waste, and enhance product design. By tracking the origins of materials, production processes, and disposal methods, DPPs enable companies to identify inefficiencies, optimize resource usage, and enhance logistics. 

Without DPPs, companies miss out on these insights and may struggle to make data-driven decisions that improve sustainability and efficiency. Businesses that rely on outdated or incomplete information may incur higher production costs, suffer from supply chain inefficiencies, or produce more waste than necessary. As a result, they may lag behind competitors who are using DPPs to continuously improve their operations and adapt to consumer demands. 

Digital Product Passports (DPPs) are becoming a critical component of modern, sustainable business practices. By choosing not to implement DPPs, companies risk regulatory non-compliance, reputational damage, loss of competitive advantage, and inefficiency. In contrast, businesses that adopt DPPs can enhance transparency, build customer trust, access sustainable supply chains, and support circular economy practices, gaining a significant edge in a competitive market. 

In an era where consumers, investors, and regulators prioritize sustainability, Digital Product Passports are more than just a compliance tool—they are a strategic advantage. By embracing DPPs, companies not only protect themselves from the risks outlined above but also position themselves for long-term success in a world that values transparency, responsibility, and sustainable growth. Ignoring DPPs could mean losing out on market opportunities, customer loyalty, and the chance to lead in sustainable innovation. 

Digital Product Passports (DPPs) are fast becoming a critical tool in sustainable business practices, enabling transparency, traceability, and circular economy efforts across industries. These digital profiles store comprehensive information about a product’s lifecycle, including its materials, origin, manufacturing process, and end-of-life options. As the world transitions to greener, more transparent economies, the future of DPPs looks promising, driven by regulatory developments, evolving consumer expectations, and technological advancements. This article delves into the regulatory timelines and trends likely to shape the future of DPPs, providing insights for businesses aiming to stay ahead of the curve. 

Regulatory Developments and Timelines for Digital Product Passports 

The European Union’s Role in Setting DPP Standards 

The European Union (EU) is currently at the forefront of establishing regulatory requirements for Digital Product Passports as part of its ambitious Circular Economy Action Plan. The EU’s goal is to make DPPs mandatory for a range of products, beginning with sectors that have the most significant environmental impact, such as electronics, textiles, and automotive industries. These DPP regulations are expected to set the global standard, as other regions often follow the EU’s lead in environmental policies. 

One key regulation driving DPP implementation in Europe is the proposed Sustainable Products Initiative, a part of the EU’s European Green Deal. This initiative aims to ensure that products entering the EU market are sustainable, reusable, and recyclable. DPPs are envisioned as the cornerstone of this initiative, enabling companies to track and report their product’s environmental footprint across its lifecycle. 

Expected Timeline for DPP Mandates 

The EU’s timeline for implementing DPPs is aggressive yet phased, with the first formal mandates expected to roll out by 2025. Key milestones include: 

• 2024: Finalization of regulations and standards for Digital Product Passports within the EU. Businesses will be encouraged to start implementing DPPs in anticipation of future mandates. 

• 2025: Initial DPP requirements are expected to become mandatory for specific high-impact industries, such as electronics and textiles, which are known for their environmental footprint. Companies in these sectors will need to incorporate DPPs to meet compliance and access the EU market. 

• 2026-2028: Expansion of DPP requirements to other sectors, including automotive, plastics, and potentially even food products. By this stage, it is anticipated that DPPs will be necessary for most products entering the EU market. 

• 2030: Full-scale adoption of DPPs across industries. At this point, any product within the EU is likely to require a DPP to ensure it meets stringent circular economy and sustainability requirements. 

This phased approach allows industries to adapt gradually, giving businesses time to build the infrastructure needed to support Digital Product Passports. Companies that prepare early will have a competitive advantage as they can leverage DPPs to increase transparency and customer trust. 

Trends Shaping the Future of Digital Product Passports 

With regulatory mandates on the horizon, several trends are likely to define the future of Digital Product Passports: 

1. Increasing Adoption Across Global Markets 

While the EU leads the charge on DPP regulations, other regions are likely to follow suit. North America, the UK, and Asia-Pacific regions are closely watching these developments, and we can expect similar standards to emerge worldwide as sustainability becomes a more prominent concern. Large multinational corporations, especially those operating in both EU and non-EU markets, may implement DPPs across their product lines to maintain uniformity and simplify compliance. 

Countries with strong circular economy goals, like Japan and Canada, are expected to introduce their own versions of DPP mandates, potentially by 2026-2028. By standardizing DPPs on a global scale, companies can streamline cross-border trade while enhancing product traceability and sustainability. 

2. Growing Importance of Data-Driven Transparency 

As consumer demand for transparency grows, Digital Product Passports will be used to provide customers with real-time, accessible information about a product’s sustainability profile. From material sourcing and energy consumption to labor practices and carbon footprint, DPPs will give consumers direct insights into how eco-friendly a product truly is. QR codes or NFC tags on product packaging may become commonplace, allowing consumers to scan and view detailed product information instantly. 

For businesses, this trend means investing in robust data management systems that can handle vast amounts of product information. Companies that can successfully integrate and present this data in an accessible format will not only improve customer trust but also reinforce their brand’s commitment to sustainability. 

3. Integration with Circular Economy Models 

Digital Product Passports are poised to become essential in facilitating circular economy practices. By providing information on a product’s recyclability, repairability, and end-of-life options, DPPs will enable consumers and businesses to make more informed decisions about reuse and disposal. This capability aligns with the EU’s circular economy goals, as it encourages companies to design products that are easier to recycle, repair, and repurpose. 

As DPPs become mandatory, businesses will be encouraged to adopt circular economy models, such as take-back programs, recycling partnerships, and product refurbishing services. This integration supports both environmental goals and customer satisfaction, as more consumers seek brands that prioritize waste reduction and product longevity. 

4. Rise of Eco-Labeling and Certifications 

As Digital Product Passports become mainstream, we are likely to see an increase in eco-labeling and certifications tied to DPP data. These labels could highlight various aspects of a product’s sustainability, such as low carbon footprint, ethical labor practices, or recyclability. With easily accessible DPP data, companies will have a streamlined process for certifying their products with eco-labels that appeal to environmentally conscious consumers. 

For instance, certifications from organizations like Cradle to Cradle, B Corp, and Fair Trade could be automatically verified through DPP data, making it easier for companies to promote their sustainability credentials and for consumers to trust those claims. 

Preparing for the Future of Digital Product Passports 

As the regulatory landscape around Digital Product Passports evolves, businesses must be proactive in preparing for upcoming requirements. Early adoption of DPPs offers numerous benefits, including regulatory compliance, improved brand reputation, and access to new consumer markets. Companies can prepare by investing in the technology needed to capture, store, and share product lifecycle data. Collaborating with suppliers and building partnerships around transparency will also be crucial in implementing effective DPP systems. 

In conclusion, the future of Digital Product Passports is bright and full of potential. With regulatory mandates, global adoption, and technology-driven trends on the horizon, DPPs will soon become a standard tool in sustainable product management. Forward-thinking companies that embrace DPPs today will not only meet future regulatory requirements but also gain a competitive edge in a market that increasingly values transparency, sustainability, and ethical practices. As DPPs reshape industries worldwide, they offer a roadmap for businesses aiming to lead in sustainable and transparent commerce. 

Makersite offers robust data management, supply chain visibility, and lifecycle analysis tools – all crucial components when it comes to helping businesses in creating and managing DPPs. Let’s take a look at how we can assist with DPPs in more detail: 

1. Data Collection and Integration

• One of the biggest challenges in implementing DPPs is collecting accurate, comprehensive data about each stage of a product’s lifecycle. Makersite consolidates data from multiple sources, including supply chain partners, material suppliers, and internal systems. 

• It automates the process of gathering information on raw materials, production methods, energy consumption, carbon footprint, and recyclability, making it much easier to populate DPPs with relevant data. 

• By integrating with various data sources, Makersite provides a centralized platform for managing and updating DPP data, ensuring consistency and accuracy. 

2. Lifecycle Assessment (LCA) and Environmental Impact Analysis

• DPPs are most effective when they offer insights into a product’s environmental impact. Makersite provides advanced Lifecycle Assessment (LCA) capabilities, which quantify a product’s carbon footprint, water usage, toxicity, and other environmental metrics across its entire lifecycle. 

• These insights allow companies to populate DPPs with scientifically backed data, improving transparency and enabling consumers to make more informed, eco-friendly choices. 

3. Supply Chain Visibility and Traceability

• Makersite gives companies visibility into their entire supply chain, from raw material sourcing to final product assembly. This traceability is essential for DPPs, as it allows businesses to track each component of a product and understand its origin, composition, and environmental impact. 

• With Makersite’s supply chain mapping, companies can identify inefficiencies, assess supplier practices, and ensure that DPPs contain verified information about each stage of production, enhancing transparency. 

4. Regulatory Compliance and Risk Management

• As DPP regulations are set to increase, compliance will become essential for market access, especially in regions like the EU. Makersite’s platform is designed to help businesses stay up-to-date with global regulatory requirements, including those related to DPPs. 

• It monitors changes in regulations and helps companies assess compliance risks within their product lines. This feature ensures that DPPs meet regulatory standards and enables businesses to adapt proactively to new compliance requirements. 

5. Real-Time Updates and Data Accessibility

• Digital Product Passports need to reflect the most current data about a product. Makersite’s platform is built to support real-time updates, so companies can easily modify DPP information if there are changes in suppliers, materials, or production methods. 

• This dynamic data accessibility is especially useful for businesses that want to keep their DPPs relevant and ensure that consumers are viewing accurate, up-to-date product information. 

6. Enabling Circular Economy and End-of-Life Options

• Makersite can support DPPs by providing data on recyclability, material reusability, and end-of-life options for each product. This information is crucial for companies focused on circular economy goals, as it enables them to offer clear guidance on how customers can dispose of or recycle products responsibly. 

• By integrating this data into DPPs, Makersite helps businesses promote circular practices, making it easier for consumers to make sustainable choices. 

7. Cost and Performance Optimization

• Makersite’s platform not only supports sustainability goals but also provides insights into cost and performance. By analyzing the lifecycle data of products, companies can optimize designs, reduce waste, and lower costs. 

• This allows businesses to develop DPPs that not only highlight sustainability but also showcase cost-effectiveness and high performance, appealing to both eco-conscious and budget-conscious consumers. 

8. Enabling Digital Twin Technology for Accurate DPPs

• Makersite uses digital twin technology to create a virtual model of each product. This model allows companies to simulate different production methods, materials, and supply chain configurations to see how they impact sustainability metrics. 

• This capability is especially valuable for DPPs, as it enables companies to test and improve their products in a digital environment before releasing them to the market. It ensures that DPPs contain optimized, validated data. 

In Summary: 

• Transparency: Enables accurate data collection across the supply chain for transparency in DPPs. 

• Compliance: Ensures DPPs meet regulatory requirements and reduces compliance risks. 

• Sustainability Insights: Provides LCA and environmental impact data to enhance DPP content. 

• Traceability: Improves supply chain visibility, essential for accurate DPP information. 

• Circular Economy: Supports DPPs with end-of-life and recyclability information. 

Overall, Makersite helps businesses to enhance transparency, meet regulatory demands, and support sustainability. For companies aiming to lead in the circular economy, we provide the tools needed to create DPPs that are accurate, reliable, and impactful.